Concussion: What Is It and How to Get Help

What is a concussion?

A concussion is a brain injury that can occur when the head is hit or shaken hard. It can range from mild to severe, and may cause temporary or permanent damage. The symptoms of a concussion can vary widely, depending on the severity of the injury. However, some common symptoms include:

• Headache
• Nausea/vomiting
• Confusion
• Dizziness
• Balance problems
• Blurred vision
• Sensitivity to light and noise
• Memory loss
• Difficulty concentrating
• Fatigue
• Irritability

What are the causes of a concussion?

Concussions can be caused by any type of blow or jolt to the head. This can include:

• Car accidents
• Sports accidents
• Falls
• Physical abuse
• Military combat

How is a concussion treated?

The treatment for a concussion depends on the severity of the injury. For mild concussions, treatment may include:

• Rest
• Over-the-counter pain relievers
• Avoiding activities that may worsen symptoms

• Hospitalization
• Surgery
• Intensive rehabilitation

What is the long-term prognosis for a concussion?

The long-term prognosis for a concussion depends on the severity of the injury. Most people with a mild concussion will make a full recovery within a few weeks or months. However, some people may experience long-term symptoms, such as:

• Headaches
• Dizziness
• Difficulty concentrating
• Fatigue
• Emotional problems

How can I prevent a concussion?

There is no surefire way to prevent a concussion, but there are some things you can do to reduce your risk:

• Wear a helmet when participating in activities that could put you at risk for a head injury
• Avoid activities that may put you at risk for a fall
• Drive carefully and avoid texting or using your cell phone while driving
• Encourage your children to wear helmets when playing sports

Additional Resources:

• Mayo Clinic: Concussion
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Concussion
• Nationwide Children's Hospital: Concussion